Testing with unittest
Python comes with the unittest library. It is a simple testing framework and despite its name it can be used for any form of functional tests. Not just unittest.
It is also not very popular any more, but you might encounter it in various places, so it is a good idea to a take a quick look at it.
Unittests are real code, not just documentation. They are usually stored in separate files.
The names of these files usually start with the word test_.